Swimmer's ear usually starts after the ear canal stays moist and irritated. Swimming, sweating, scratching and cotton swabs can all make the skin more vulnerable. The condition is different from middle ear infection because the problem is in the ear canal, not behind the eardrum.
Prevention#
Drying the ears after swimming is the most important prevention step. Tilt the head from side to side so the water can run out. Gently pulling the outer ear up and back can open the canal and help water leave.
A hair dryer can be used carefully on the lowest setting, at a safe distance and never too hot. Cotton swabs should not be used in the ear canal because they can injure the skin and push wax deeper.
Drying drops meant for the ear canal can be used preventively after swimming if the ear is healthy and there is no reason to worry about the eardrum. Ear plugs are another option for people who swim regularly and get repeated episodes.
If inflammation has already started#
If the infection has already begun, keeping the ear clean and dry matters most. Swimming and diving are best avoided until symptoms improve. A pain reliever can help while waiting for the ear to settle.
A warm compress around the ear may ease pain. It is better not to put anything into the ear without guidance, because the inflamed skin is sensitive and the wrong product can make things worse.
When to seek care#
Seek care if the ear pain is strong, there is discharge from the ear, hearing drops clearly, or symptoms do not improve within a couple of days. Fever with ear pain is a reason to seek care faster.
If infections happen repeatedly, prevention habits are worth reviewing with healthcare.
Further reading and sources#
Further reading: